Congress Threatens California’s Gas Car Ban Plans

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California aims for a transition to zero-emission vehicles by 2035 amidst congressional challenges.

News Summary

Congress is moving to block California’s ambitious 2035 gas-powered car ban, a significant step that could impact the U.S. transition to electric vehicles. With California representing a large portion of the car market and having set strict emission standards, this congressional initiative challenges existing regulations. Governor Newsom is prepared for legal action if necessary as the nation faces ongoing debates about the future of vehicle emissions and climate policy.

California

Congress is moving toward blocking California’s ambitious plan to ban the sale of new gas-powered cars by the year 2035, a move that could significantly impact the nation’s transition to electric vehicles (EVs). A Senate vote on this matter could occur as early as this week, potentially halting California’s aggressive efforts to shift toward cleaner energy sources in the automotive sector.

With California representing about 11% of the total U.S. car market, its regulations often influence purchasing trends across the country. Vehicles are significant sources of planet-warming emissions, and the state has worked diligently to implement more stringent emissions standards. As part of this initiative, California aims for car manufacturers to progressively increase the sales of zero-emission vehicles to 43% by 2027, 68% by 2030, and ultimately 100% by 2035.

The Republican-controlled Congress is challenging three waivers that allow California to enforce stricter emissions rules compared to federal guidelines. This congressional initiative follows a previous House vote aiming to block these waivers. Senator John Thune, the Senate Majority Leader, argues that California’s regulations extend the Clean Air Act’s authority beyond its intended scope and threaten consumers, the economy, and energy supplies.

California Governor Gavin Newsom and state air quality regulators consider these congressional actions illegal and are prepared to take legal action if the measures advance. Historically, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has allowed California to set stricter emissions standards, which other states can follow. This authority dates back to California’s efforts to combat severe air pollution starting in the 1960s and 1970s, initially focused on reducing smog levels.

California’s gas car ban, first announced by Newsom in 2020 and formalized in 2022 with federal approval obtained last year, is part of a broader strategy to eliminate the sale of new gas vehicles. While consumers will still be able to buy used gas cars, plug-in hybrids, and hydrogen-powered vehicles, the emphasis remains on a transition to zero-emission options. Additional regulations target the phase-out of new medium- and heavy-duty diesel vehicles, with a mandate that zero-emission trucks must constitute 40%-75% of sales by 2035.

In response to potential infrastructure challenges due to increased electric vehicle demand, California aims for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045. However, the current infrastructure may not adequately support that surge. Presently, there are around 84,000 public EV chargers in California, with plans to expand to 1.2 million by 2030. Nonetheless, concerns have arisen regarding California’s electric grid’s capacity, especially during extreme weather conditions.

Several auto manufacturers, including Honda, Ford, and Volkswagen, have agreements to comply with California’s emissions standards. However, they have not clarified their positions regarding the 2035 ban should Congressional action impede it. The National Automobile Dealers Association has expressed support for the Senate measure, emphasizing the necessity of national consensus on car regulations.

The projected move by Congress has stirred activities in other states, with jurisdictions such as New York, Colorado, and New Mexico showing interest in adopting California’s stricter rules. However, some states are reevaluating their commitments, including Vermont, which has paused enforcement of electric vehicle sales targets due to concerns about achievable timelines. Delaware’s governor is also seeking to rescind their electric vehicle mandate.

If Congress’s actions proceed, California and other states will need to explore alternative methods for emissions reductions and innovation strategies to maintain their environmental commitments. Experts suggest that while some areas may theoretically meet the electric vehicle charging demands, localized infrastructure could face challenges under the current regulatory framework.